Licorice (glycyrrhizin) and Thiazide and loop diuretics
Yes — there is a documented interaction between these two, and it has a named mechanism.
potassium loss, compounded.
Major Licorice (glycyrrhizin) + Thiazide and loop diuretics — two routes to the same low potassium
Mechanism: potassium loss, compounded
Both lower serum potassium, by different mechanisms, and the effect is additive.
Not an 11β-HSD2 inhibitor — but it lowers potassium by its own mechanism, so it ADDS to the licorice picture. Represented on this axis because the clinical consequence (hypokalaemia) is the same one.
What to watch for. Weakness, cramps, palpitations; on a blood test, potassium below range. With digoxin also nausea, visual disturbance (classically yellow-green haloes) and arrhythmia.
A clean result means NO DOCUMENTED INTERACTION IN THIS DATASET. It does not mean safe, and it is not a clearance. Most substances are not in this dataset at all, and for many pairs that are, nobody has ever studied the combination.
Serotonergic drugs and the serotonin-toxicity mechanism
Dietary tyramine and L-dopa loads
The major cytochrome P450 pathways: CYP3A4, CYP2D6, CYP1A2, CYP2C9, CYP2C19 — inhibition and induction
P-glycoprotein inhibition and induction
11β-HSD2 inhibition (the licorice mechanism) and the potassium consequences that follow it
QT prolongation as an additive pharmacodynamic axis
Culinary seasonings and common foods with documented pharmacological activity
A selected set of narrow-therapeutic-index drugs where those shifts matter most
Not in this dataset
Any substance not named in this dataset — which is most substances. There are tens of thousands of marketed drugs and this table holds fewer than a hundred entries.
Phase-2 conjugation (UGT, SULT, NAT2, COMT) except where a specific entry names it. The oilahuasca corpus turns heavily on phase 2 and this engine models it only in passing.
Pharmacogenomics. CYP2D6 and CYP2C19 are strongly polymorphic; a poor metaboliser and an ultra-rapid metaboliser can have opposite outcomes from the same pair, and this engine does not know your genotype.
Dose, timing, duration, formulation and route — all of which change whether a documented interaction is clinically real for you.
Renal and hepatic impairment, age, pregnancy, and body composition.
Additive sedation, respiratory depression, bleeding risk, hypoglycaemia and most other pharmacodynamic axes beyond the ones listed above.
Herb–herb interactions outside the named entries, and essentially the whole botanical world: most plants have no interaction literature at all.
Allergy, intolerance, and contamination or adulteration of unregulated products.
Anything published after the last-reviewed date below.
72 substances, 20 mechanisms,
64 citations. Last reviewed .
Primary literature (every DOI resolved against the Crossref API) and FDA drug labelling. There is no free, openly-licensed, comprehensive drug-interaction dataset to draw on; NLM retired its Drug Interaction API on 2024-01-02 and DrugBank's interaction set is a commercial licence.
References
Størmer FC, Reistad R, Alexander J (1993). Glycyrrhizic acid in liquorice—Evaluation of health hazard. Food and Chemical Toxicology. doi:10.1016/0278-6915(93)90080-I
Omar HR, Komarova I, El-Ghonemi M, et al. (2012). Licorice abuse: time to send a warning message. Therapeutic Advances in Endocrinology and Metabolism. doi:10.1177/2042018812454322
Farese RV Jr, Biglieri EG, Shackleton CHL, Irony I, Gomez-Fontes R (1991). Licorice-Induced Hypermineralocorticoidism. New England Journal of Medicine. doi:10.1056/NEJM199110243251706
Every DOI above was resolved against the Crossref API on 2026-09-09 and the returned
title checked against the one printed here. Three DOIs in the first draft resolved to real but different
papers and were corrected before publication.